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Affordable Housing Glossary

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Affordability

The extent to which there are enough rental units at different costs in an area to meet the housing needs of each renter household, paying 30 percent of their income for rent.

Affordable Housing

Affordable Housing is housing that is affordable to people with a household income at or below the median. According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Affordable Housing is commonly described as housing on which the resident pays no more than 30% of gross income for housing expenditures, including utilities.

Annual Adjustment Factor (AAF)

Section 8 vouchers and project-based rental assistance receive annual rent adjustments from HUD. HUD adjusts rent levels on the basis of Consumer Price Index data on changes in residential rent and utility costs around the country. HUD publishes the Annual Adjustment Factors annually in the Federal Register.

Capital Fund Program

The Capital Fund Program (CFP) provides financial assistance to PHAs to improve existing public housing or develop new public housing. This includes mixed-financed properties that have some public housing units. Improvements can range from major work to replace roofs or heating systems to renovations that improve accessibility and energy efficiency.

Chronic Homelessness

Chronic homelessness is experienced over a long period of time, or in regular cycles in and out of homelessness. HUD defines chronic homelessness as an unaccompanied homeless individual with a disabling condition who has either been continuously homeless for a year or more or has had at least four episodes of homelessness in the past three years.

Cost Burdened

Policymakers and advocates consider a household cost burdened if more than 30% of their income goes towards housing costs. Being housing cost burdened is an indicator that a household may be unable to afford other critical and nondiscretionary costs such as health and child care, food, and transportation.

Decennial Census

Undertaken by the U.S. Census Bureau every ten years ending in zero. It provides a count of the population and housing units for the entire United States. Its primary purpose is to provide the population counties that determine how seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are apportioned between the states.

Dilapidated Housing

A housing unit that does not provide safe and adequate shelter and in its present condition endangers the health, safety, or well-being of the occupants. HUD and the Census Bureau quantify this as a building having one or more critical defects or a number of intermediate defects that would require substantial construction to repair.

Disability

A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual. Disabled persons qualify for Section 8 and public housing waiting list preferences. HUD's Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities program provides accessible and affordable apartments for low-income persons with disabilities.

Discriminatory Effect

A practice has a discriminatory effect when it actually or predictably results in a disparate impact on a group of persons. A discriminatory effect also occurs when a practice creates, increases, reinforces, or perpetuates segregated housing patterns because of race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin.

Elderly Person Household

A household composed of one or more persons at least one of whom is at least 62 years of age at the time of initial occupancy. Also referred to as Elderly Household or Senior Household.

Emergency Shelter

Any facility where the primary purpose is to provide temporary or transitional shelter for persons experiencing homelessness. Emergency shelters may serve the general population of homeless persons or specific populations of homeless people, such as veterans, youth, or victims of domestic violence.

Eviction

The dispossession of the tenant from the leased unit as a result of the termination of tenancy. This includes the expiration of the lease or termination prior to the end of a lease term. Eviction prior to the end of the lease term usually results from tenant violations of the lease provisions, such as failure to pay 0 rent or damage to the unit.

Housing Choice Voucher

Housing Choice Vouchers in Section 8 is a federal government's major program that assists low-income households in obtaining housing in the private market. Housing Choice Voucher holders pay 30% of their monthly income in rent, with the rest paid by the federal government through a local housing authority.

Low-Income Household

According to HUD's income limit policies, Low-Income Households are defined as those whose earnings are less than 80% of the area's median family income.